ABSTRACT
The sialyl Lewis X (SLex) antigen encoded by the FUT7 gene is the ligand of endotheliam-selectin (E-selectin).The combination of SLex antigen and E-selectin represents an important way for malignant tumor metastasis.In the present study,the effect of the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer on the adhesion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro was investigated.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to detect the expression of FUT7 at both transcriptional and translational levels.The SLex expression in HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of SLeX-binding DNA aptamer was detected by flow cytometry.Besides,the adhesion,migration,and invasion of HepG2 cells were measured by cell adhesion assay,and the Transwell migration and invasion assay.The results showed that the FUT7 expression was up-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels in HepG2 cells.SLeX-binding DNA aptamer could significantly decrease the expression of SLex in HepG2 cells.The cell adhesion assay revealed that the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer could effectively inhibit the interactions between E-selectin and SLex in the HepG2 cells.Additionally,SLeX-binding DNA aptamers at 20 nmol/L were found to have the similar effect to the monoclonal antibody CSLEX-1.The Transwell migration and invasion assay revealed that the number of penetrating cells on the down-side of Transwell membrane was significantly less in cells treated with 5,10,20 nmol/L SLeX-binding DNA aptamer than those in the negative control group (P＜0.01).Our study demonstrated that the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer could significantly inhibit the in vitro adhesion,migration,and invasion of HepG2 cells,suggesting that the SLeX-binding DNA aptamer may be used as a potential molecular targeted drug against metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
The Grainyhead-like 3 (GRHL3) is involved in epidermal barrier formation,neural tube closure and wound repair.Previous studies have suggested that GRHL3 has been linked to many different types of cancers.However,to date,its effects on human colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been clarified yet.Our microarray analysis has indicated predominant GRHL3 expression in CRC.The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and significance of GRHL3 in CRC tumorigenesis using CRC tissues and paired paracancerous tissues,as well as using distinct CRC cell lines (HT29 and DLD1).We observed increased GRHL3 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting.Moreover,silencing GRHL3 with siRNA could suppress CRC cell proliferation,viability and migration in vitro.We also found that knockdown of GRHL3 could promote cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in HT29 cells and DLD1 cells,and induce cell apoptosis in HT29 cells.Together,our study revealed the down-regulation of GRHL3 in vitro could inhibit CRC cell activity and trigger cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and apoptosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Complications are important determining factors for safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection [ESD]. ESD of large lesions is associated with increased procedural time. This study investigated whether double-channel gastroscope could be used to reduce procedural time in gastric antrum ESD
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 46 patients with one gastric antrum lesion resected by ESD was conducted between January 2013 and December 2015. The diameter of a lesion was from 2cm to 4cm in 46 patients. EUS before ESD was used to evaluate the submucosal vascular structure and the location of lesion in gastric wall. Forty six lesions had ESD with either the ordinary gastroscope [OS group] [n=24] or the double-channel gastroscope [DC group] [n=22]
Results: The mean procedural time was significantly lower in the DC group than in the OS group [49.1 minutes vs. 20.5 minutes, p=0.04]. There were no significant differences in submucosal injection frequency, specimen size, en bloc resection rate and perforation rate between the two endoscopic groups. There was no recurrence in any case during the follow-up period
Conclusions: Our data suggest that ESD utilizing double-channel gastroscope may provide a better platform for quicker ESD with equal safety
ABSTRACT
This study compared the therapeutic benefits and complication rates of small endoscopic sphincterotomy plus large-balloon dilation [ESLBD] with those of endoscopic sphincterotomy [EST] alone for large bile duct stones. We compared prospectively ESLBD group [n=63] with conventional EST group [n=69] for the treatment of large bile duct stones [>/= 15mm]. Mechanical lithotripsy was performed when the stone could not be removed using a normal basket. We compared the rates of stone removal, frequency of mechanical lithotripsy use, procedure-related complications, and recurrent stones. A total of 132 patients were reviewed in the study. The mean age of the patients was 67.9 years. The two groups showed significant differences in complete stone removal during the first session [80.9 vs. 60.8%; P = 0.046], the use of mechanical lithotripsy [7.94 vs. 24.6%; P = 0.041], and less duration of admission [P =0.045]. After ERCP, there were some instances of oozing in both groups, All patients recovered completely, 14 patients had recurrent common bile duct stones among the follow-up duration. The ESLBD technique seems to be a feasible and safe alternative technique for conventional EST and EBD and has no more Post-ERCP complications